Introduction to Common Microbial Culture Media (I)
Kab lis kev cai nruab nrab yog ib hom khoom noj khoom haus sib xyaw ua ke tsim los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj raws li kev xav tau ntawm ntau yam microbial kev loj hlob, uas yog siv rau kab lis kev cai lossis cais ntau yam kab mob.Yog li ntawd, cov as-ham yuav tsum muaj cov as-ham (xws li carbon qhov chaw, nitrogen qhov chaw, lub zog, inorganic ntsev, loj hlob yam) thiab dej uas yuav siv tau los ntawm cov kab mob.Nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sim, muaj ntau hom thiab kev npaj ntawm kab lis kev cai xov xwm.
Qee cov kab lis kev cai tshaj tawm hauv kev sim tau qhia raws li hauv qab no:
Nutritional agar medium:
Cov khoom noj khoom haus agar nruab nrab yog siv rau kev nthuav tawm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm cov kab mob sib xws, rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob suav, khaws cia cov kab mob thiab kab lis kev cai ntshiab.Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb yog: nqaij nyug extract, poov xab extract, peptone, sodium chloride, agar hmoov, dej distilled.Peptone thiab nqaij nyuj hmoov muab nitrogen, vitamin, amino acid thiab carbon qhov chaw, sodium chloride tuaj yeem tswj hwm osmotic siab, thiab agar yog coagulant ntawm kab lis kev cai nruab nrab.
Nutritional agar yog hom kab lis kev cai tshaj plaws, uas muaj feem ntau ntawm cov as-ham uas xav tau rau kev loj hlob microbial.Khoom noj khoom haus agar tuaj yeem siv rau niaj hnub kab lis kev cai.
Ntshav agar nruab nrab:
Ntshav agar nruab nrab yog ib hom nqaij nyug extract peptone nruab nrab uas muaj cov ntshav tsiaj txhu (feem ntau cov ntshav luav lossis cov ntshav yaj).Yog li, ntxiv rau ntau yam khoom noj uas xav tau rau kev cog qoob loo, nws tuaj yeem muab cov coenzyme (xws li factor V), heme (factor X) thiab lwm yam kev loj hlob tshwj xeeb.Yog li ntawd, ntshav kab lis kev cai nruab nrab feem ntau yog siv los cog, cais thiab khaws qee yam kab mob kab mob uas xav tau kev noj haus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntshav agar feem ntau yog siv rau kev kuaj hemolysis.Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob, qee cov kab mob tuaj yeem tsim hemolysin kom tawg thiab yaj cov qe ntshav liab.Thaum lawv loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntshav, pob tshab lossis pob tshab hemolytic rings tuaj yeem pom nyob ib puag ncig thaj tsam.Lub pathogenicity ntawm ntau cov kab mob muaj feem xyuam rau cov yam ntxwv hemolytic.Vim hais tias hemolysin tsim los ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv txawv, lub peev xwm hemolytic kuj txawv, thiab qhov tshwm sim hemolysis ntawm cov ntshav phaj kuj txawv.Yog li ntawd, kev kuaj hemolysis feem ntau yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob.
TCBS Medium:
TCBS yog thiosulfate citrate bile ntsev sucrose agar nruab nrab.Rau kev xaiv cais ntawm pathogenic vibrio.Peptone thiab poov xab extract yog siv los ua cov as-ham hauv cov kab lis kev cai nruab nrab los muab nitrogen qhov chaw, carbon qhov chaw, vitamins thiab lwm yam kev loj hlob uas yuav tsum tau rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob;Qhov siab dua ntawm sodium chloride tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev loj hlob halophilic ntawm vibrio;Sucrose li fermentable carbon qhov chaw;Sodium citrate, siab pH alkaline ib puag ncig thiab sodium thiosulfate inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab.Nyuj bile hmoov thiab sodium thiosulfate tsuas yog inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob gram-zoo.Tsis tas li ntawd, sodium thiosulfate kuj tseem muab cov tshuaj sulfur.Thaum muaj ferric citrate, hydrogen sulfide tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm cov kab mob.Yog tias muaj hydrogen sulfide ua cov kab mob, cov av dub yuav raug tsim tawm ntawm lub phaj;Cov ntsuas ntawm TCBS nruab nrab yog bromocresol xiav thiab thymol xiav, uas yog cov cim qhia ntawm acid.Bromocresol xiav yog cov kua qaub-base qhia nrog pH hloov ntawm 3.8 (daj) rau 5.4 (xiav-ntsuab).Muaj ob qhov kev hloov xim: (1) cov kua qaub ntau yog pH 1.2 ~ 2.8, hloov ntawm daj mus rau xim liab;(2) Cov alkali ntau yog pH 8.0 ~ 9.6, hloov ntawm daj mus rau xiav.
TSA cheese soybean peptone agar medium:
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm TSA zoo ib yam li cov as-ham agar.Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tus qauv, nws yog feem ntau yog siv los ntsuam xyuas cov kab mob nyob rau hauv cov chav huv si (chaw) ntawm kev lag luam kws tshuaj.Xaiv qhov chaw xeem nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau sim, qhib TSA phaj thiab muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw xeem.Cov qauv yuav tsum raug coj mus rau huab cua rau ntau tshaj 30min rau ntau lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab ntawd coj mus kuaj rau kev suav colony.Cov qib kev huv sib txawv yuav tsum muaj cov lej sib txawv.
Mueller Hinton agar:
MH nruab nrab yog qhov nruab nrab microbial siv los kuaj xyuas cov kab mob tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob.Nws yog qhov nruab nrab tsis xaiv uas feem ntau cov kab mob tuaj yeem loj hlob.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv cov khoom xyaw tuaj yeem nqus cov co toxins tawm los ntawm cov kab mob, yog li nws yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm MH nruab nrab yog qhov xoob, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib kis ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, yog li nws tuaj yeem pom pom kev loj hlob inhibition cheeb tsam.Hauv Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam kev noj qab haus huv, MH nruab nrab kuj yog siv rau kev ntsuas tshuaj rhiab heev.Thaum ua cov tshuaj rhiab heev rau qee cov kab mob tshwj xeeb, xws li Streptococcus pneumoniae, 5% cov ntshav yaj thiab NAD tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau qhov nruab nrab kom ua tau raws li kev noj zaub mov sib txawv.
SS agar:
SS agar feem ntau yog siv rau kev xaiv cais thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm Salmonella thiab Shigella.Nws inhibits gram-zoo kab mob, feem ntau coliforms thiab proteus, tab sis tsis cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm salmonella;Sodium thiosulfate thiab ferric citrate yog siv los kuaj xyuas cov tiam ntawm hydrogen sulfide, ua rau lub colony center dub;Neutral liab yog qhov ntsuas pH.Cov kua qaub uas ua rau cov fermenting qab zib yog xim liab, thiab cov colony ntawm cov suab thaj uas tsis muaj fermenting tsis muaj xim.Salmonella tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab colony nrog lossis tsis muaj qhov chaw dub, thiab Shigella yog xim tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-04-2023